Del Mar Photonics - Newsletter Fall 2010 - Newsletter Winter 2010
Del Mar Photonics - LiNbO3 application note: LiNbO3 crystals for THz generation - request a quote
Del Mar Photonics supply variety of crystals for THz generation, including ZnTe, GaP, LiNbO3 and others. Below you find several examples of custom LiNbO3 crystals for THz generation.
Generation of THz radiation using bulk, periodically and aperiodically poled lithium niobate (pdf)
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Customer wrote: We want to generate THz wave in these crystals with 
femtosecond amplified laser beam @ 800nm.
We need to pump the crystal with tilted IR pulse to generate a THz beam in the 
orthogonal direction of the end side. 
The following crystals are used:
Stoichiometric MgO(0.6%):LiNBO3 Y-cut 5 x 5 x 9.81 mm
5 x 5 mm^2 laser grade polished, with the end side cut at
63° and AR coating at 800nm on the both sides.
Type: prism
Material: Stoichiometric MgO(0.6%):LiNBO3
Dimensions: 5 mm x 5 mm x 9.81 mm
Coating: AR coating at 800nm on the both sides
Part number: MgO(0.6%): LiNbO3_5_5_9.83 -
request a quote

sample certificate of conformity
Related Del Mar Photonics products:
Femtosecond Lasers and Amplified Systems - request a quote
Trestles femtosecond Ti:Sapphire laser
Trestles Finesse femtosecond 
Ti:Sapphire laser with integrated DPSS pump laser
Teahupoo Rider femtosecond amplified 
Ti:Sapphire laser
Mavericks femtosecond 
Cr:Forsterite laser
Tamarack femtosecond fiber laser (Er-doped 
fiber)
Buccaneer femtosecond OA fiber laser (Er-doped 
fiber) and SHG
Cannon Ultra-broadband light source
Tourmaline femtosecond Yt-doped fiber laser
more
Photoconductive THz antenna - LiNbO3 wafers and crystals - buy online or request a quote
| PCA | |
|  Photoconductive Antenna for terahertz waves | |
 
| 
 | 
| 800 nm | |
| PCA with LT-GaAs absorber for laser excitation wavelengths λ ≤ 850 nm; optical absorption > 70% | |
 
| Model | Product Name+ | Buy Now | 
| PCA-44-16-16-800-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ = 800 nm, gap distance 16 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-16-16-800-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ = 800 nm, gap distance 16 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-34-100-800-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ = 800 nm, gap distance 34 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-34-100-800-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ = 800 nm, gap distance 34 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-06-10-800-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ = 800 nm, gap distance 6 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-06-10-800-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ = 800 nm, gap distance 6 µm |   | 
| PCA-30-10-10-800-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1.5 THz, λ = 800 nm, gap distance 10 µm |   | 
| PCA-30-10-10-800-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1.5 THz, λ = 800 nm, gap distance 10 µm |   | 
| PCA-30-14-14-800-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1.5 THz, λ = 800 nm, gap distance 14 µm |   | 
| PCA-30-14-14-800-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1.5 THz, λ = 800 nm, gap distance 14 µm |   | 
| Displaying 1 to 10 (of 10 products) | 
| 990-1060 nm | |
| PCA with LT-GaAs absorber for laser excitation wavelengths λ = 990 .. 1060 nm; optical absorption ~ 50% | |
 
| Model | Product Name+ | Buy Now | 
| PCA-44-16-16-1030-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ = 990 .. 1060 nm, gap distance 16 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-16-16-1030-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ = 990 .. 1060 nm, gap distance 16 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-34-100-1030-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ = 990 .. 1060 nm, gap distance 34 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-34-100-1030-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ = 990 .. 1060 nm, gap distance 34 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-06-10-1030-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ = 990 .. 1060 nm, gap distance 6 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-06-10-1030-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ = 990 .. 1060 nm, gap distance 6 µm |   | 
| PCA-30-10-10-1030-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1.5 THz, λ = 990 .. 1060 nm, gap distance 10 µm |   | 
| PCA-30-10-10-1030-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1.5 THz, λ = 990 .. 1060 nm, gap distance 10 µm |   | 
| PCA-30-14-14-1030-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1.5 THz, λ = 990 .. 1060 nm, gap distance 14 µm |   | 
| PCA-30-14-14-1030-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1.5 THz, λ = 990 .. 1060 nm, gap distance 14 µm |   | 
| Displaying 1 to 10 (of 10 products) | 
| 1040 nm | |
| PCA with LT-GaAs absorber for laser excitation wavelengths λ ~ 1040 nm; optical resonant design 97% absorption @ 1040 nm | |
 
| Model | Product Name+ | Buy Now | 
| PCA-44-16-16-1040-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ ~ 1040 nm, gap distance 16 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-16-16-1040-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ ~ 1040 nm, gap distance 16 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-34-100-1040-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ ~ 1040 nm, gap distance 34 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-34-100-1040-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ ~ 1040 nm, gap distance 34 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-06-10-1040-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ ~ 1040 nm, gap distance 6 µm |   | 
| PCA-44-06-10-1040-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1 THz, λ ~ 1040 nm, gap distance 6 µm |   | 
| PCA-30-10-10-1040-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1.5 THz, λ ~ 1040 nm, gap distance 10 µm |   | 
| PCA-30-10-10-1040-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1.5 THz, λ ~ 1040 nm, gap distance 10 µm |   | 
| PCA-30-14-14-1040-h | PCA: resonance frequency 1.5 THz, λ ~ 1040 nm, gap distance 14 µm |   | 
| PCA-30-14-14-1040-u | PCA: resonance frequency 1.5 THz, λ ~ 1040 nm, gap distance 14 µm |   | 
| Displaying 1 to 10 (of 10 products) | 
| iPCA | |
| interdigital Photoconductive Antenna for terahertz waves | |
 
| Model | Product Name+ | Buy Now | 
| iPCAp-21-05-1000-800 | iPCAp, 800 nm, 21x5x1000 microns |   | 
| iPCAp-21-05-300-800- | iPCAp, 800 nm, 21x5x300 microns |   | 
| iPCAs-21-05-1000-800 | iPCAs, 800 nm, 21x5x1000 microns |   | 
| iPCAs-21-05-300-800- | iPCAs, 800 nm, 21x5x300 microns |   | 
| Displaying 1 to 4 (of 4 products) | 
Del Mar Photonics - Samples for presentation during Optics and Photonics 2008
LiNbO3 wafers from stock
| Shape | Cut | Dimensions | Polish | 
| Wafer | XZ | 3"x0.22mm | Two sides | 
| Wafer | XZ | 3"x0.5mm | Two sides | 
| Wafer | XZ | 100x1.0mm | Two sides | 
| Wafer | Y | 3"x0.6mm | Two sides | 
| Wafer | YZ | 100x1.0mm | Two sides | 
| Wafer | YX | 100x1.0mm | Two sides | 
| Wafer | ZY | 100x0.5mm | Two sides | 
| Wafer | ZX | 3"x1.0mm | Two sides | 
LiNbO3 saw grade
| Shape | Cut | Dimensions | Polish | 
| Wafer | Y/127,85° | 4"x0.5mm | One side polished | 
| Wafer | Y/127,85° | 100x1.0mm | One side polished | 
| Wafer | Y/127,85° | 100x0.22mm | One side polished | 
Stoichiometric
| Wafer | Z | 2"x1mm | Two side polished | 
| Wafer | Z | 2"x1mm | Two side polished | 
MgO doped LiNbO3
| MgO concentration | Shape | Cut | Dimensions | Polish | 
| 5% | Wafer | Z | 2"x1.0 mm | Two sides | 
| 5% | Wafer | Z | 3"x1.0 mm | Two sides | 
| 5% | Wafer | Z | 3"x0.5 mm | Two sides | 
LiNbO3 blocks and slabs
Block Y 40x10x1.5 mm Two sides polished
Block Y 48x15x1.5 mm Two sides polished
Block Y 48x30x1.5 mm Two sides polished
Slab Z 30x25x15 mm All sides polished
Slab Z 50x30x25 mm All sides polished
Slab Z 42x23x23 mm All sides polished
Slab Z 32x25x15 mm All sides polished
LiNbO3 boules are also available -
e-mail us 
for details and quote
 
| LiNbO3 optical grade | 
| Model | Product Name+ | Buy Now | 
| WA-LiNbO3-100-1 | LiNbO3 wafer, Z-cut, 100 mm x 1.0 mm, 2 sides polished |   | 
| WA-LiNbO3-2-1 | LiNbO3 wafer, Z-cut, 2"x1.0 mm, stoichiometric |   | 
| WA-LiNbO3-3-1 | LiNbO3 wafer, Z-cut, 3"x1.0 mm, 2 sides polished |   | 
| WA-LiNbO3-3-2 | LiNbO3 wafer, Z-cut, 3"x2.0 mm, 2 sides polished |   | 
| WA-LiNbO3-100-0.5 | LiNbO3 wafer, ø 100 mm, thickn. 0.5 mm |   | 
| LiNbO3 saw grade | 
 
| Model | Product Name+ | Buy Now | 
| WA-LiNbO3-100-0.22 | LiNbO3 wafer, Y/127.85°-cut, 100 mm x 0.22 mm, one side polished |   | 
| WA-LiNbO3-100-1 | LiNbO3 wafer, Y/127.85°-cut, 100 mm x 1.0 mm, one side polished |   | 
| WA-LiNbO3-4-0.5 | LiNbO3 wafer, Y/127.85°-cut, 4"x0.5 mm, one side polished |   | 
| WA-LiNbO3-3-0.5 | LiNbO3 wafer, Y/36-cut, 3"x0.5 mm, one side (+) polished |   | 
| WA-LiNbO3-3-0.5 | LiNbO3 wafer, Y/36-cut, 3"x0.5 mm, one side (-) polished |   | 
| MgO-LiNbO3 | 
 
| Model | Product Name+ | Buy Now | 
| WA-MgO-LiNbO3-3-1 | MgO-LiNbO3 wafer, Y-cut, 3"x1.0 mm, two sides polished |   | 
| WA-MgO-LiNbO3-2-1 | MgO-LiNbO3 wafer, Z-cut, 2"x1.0 mm, two sides polished |   | 
| WA-MgO-LiNbO3-3-1 | MgO-LiNbO3 wafer, Z-cut, 3"x1.0 mm, two sides polished |   | 
LiNbO3 related presentations during Optics and Photonics 2008
Modified sol-gel method for patterned lithium niobate thin film 
preparation (Poster Presentation)
Paper 7056-41 of Conference 7056
Authors(s): Armen R. Poghosyan, Institute for Physical Research (Armenia); Ruyan 
Guo, The Univ. of Texas at San Antonio (United States); Stepan G. Grigoryan, 
Aleksandr L. Manukyan, Eduard S. Vardanyan, Institute for Physical Research 
(Armenia)
Date: Tuesday, 12 August 2008
Time: 8:00 PM
For the first time patterned single crystal LiNbO3 thin films and waveguide 
devices have been successfully obtained by direct crystallization of precursor 
(dried gel) pattern. These precursor (dried gel) thin film patterns were 
prepared by two new related methods: from photosensitive sol-gel solution and by 
etching LiNbO3 precursor film using photoresist. Unlike crystalline LiNbO3, the 
precursor films are easily etched. When grown on a sapphire substrate and 
properly annealed, the patterned precursor material becomes single crystal. The 
developed method of production patterned lithium niobate thin films is the basis 
for future integrated optical devices.
Ultraviolet-infrared laser-induced domain inversion in MgO-doped 
congruent LiNbO3 and near stoichiometric LiTaO3 crystals (Paper Presentation)
Paper 7056-65 of Conference 7056
Authors(s): Ya'nan Zhi, Weijuan Qu, De'an Liu, Jianfeng Sun, Aimin Yan, Liren 
Liu, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics (China)
Date: Thursday, 14 August 2008
Time: 3:00 PM – 3:30 PM
Laser-induced domain inversion is a promising technique for domain engineering 
in LiNbO3 and LiTaO3. The ultraviolet-infrared laser induced domain inversions 
in MgO:LiNbO3 and near stoichiometric LiTaO3 (NSLT) crystals are investigated 
for the first time. The different reductions of nucleation field induced by the 
focused ultraviolet-infrared laser irradiation are systematically investigated 
in MgO:LiNbO3 crystals. The focused ultraviolet laser-induced ferroelectric 
domain inversion in NSLT is also investigated. The double threshold effects of 
laser-induced domain nucleation in both crystals are also observed. The results 
support the solid proofs and feasible schemes for the further investigation of 
laser-induced domain engineering in both crystals.
Generation of self-focused electron beam by pyroelectric/photogalvanic 
crystal accelerators (Poster Presentation)
Paper 7056-68 of Conference 7056
Authors(s): Nickolai V. Kukhtarev, Alabama A&M Univ. (United States)
Date: Tuesday, 12 August 2008
Time: 8:00 PM
N.Kukhtarev, T.Kukhtareva, G.Stargell
Phys.Dep. Alabama A&M University, Normal (Huntsville) Al 35762,
V.B. Samoilov, Institute of Physics, NAS, Kiev, Ukraine
We have observed generation of the electron beam by the pyroelectric crystal 
placed in the vacuum chamber. Different pyroelctric materials, Fe-doped LiNbO3 
and L-alanine doped TGS crystals, were tested.
Heating/cooling cycles of the crystals in the vacuum (P~ 1-5 mTorr) produce 
uncompensated surface charges and strong electric field (~ 100kV/cm) on the 
polar crystal faces. These fringing fields ionize ambient gas and accelerate 
electrons to high energies (~100 KeV). For photosensitive LiNbO3 crystal 
electrical charging and generation of electrons may be done by laser 
illumination, via photogalvanic effect. These generated electrons can be 
detected by the fluorescent ZnS screen or by the X-rays produced by placing 
copper plate in the electron beam.
Domain switching of congruent lithium niobate crystals with 
surface modification (Poster Presentation)
Paper 7056-42 of Conference 7056
Authors(s): Armen R. Poghosyan, Eduard S. Vardanyan, Ira A. Ghambaryan, 
Institute for Physical Research (Armenia)
Date: Tuesday, 12 August 2008
Time: 8:00 PM
This paper presents electric field domain switching experiments carried out on 
congruent lithium niobate crystals with Li enriched surface layer. Li enrichment 
of congruent lithium niobate surface has been made by sample annealing in 
Li3NbO4 or LiNbO3:Li3NbO4 (1:1) powder during 0.5 or 1 h at 800oC. It was found 
that the Li enrichment of congruent lithium niobate surface layer allows to 
obtain a composition of surface layer very close to stoichiometry and has 
enabled domain inversion with the lower electric field than in congruent 
material.
Maximized diffraction efficiency for integrated volume grating 
instruments (Poster Presentation)
Paper 7056-53 of Conference 7056
Authors(s): Zhifang Chai, East China Normal Univ. (China)
Date: Tuesday, 12 August 2008
Time: 8:00 PM
In this paper the oscillatory characteristic of diffraction efficiency in 
doubly-doped LiNbO3 crystals is used to reduce the loss of light intensity in 
integrated instruments through considering the erased process by the sensitizing 
light during the next grating recorded. The results show that a nearly 100% 
diffraction can be obtained theoretically for each grating if the 
refractive-index change is big enough. The number of integrated volume grating 
depends on the cycle’s number of diffraction efficiency during recording 
process. In the last, the material parameters are optimized to obtain more 
oscillating cycles of diffraction efficiency during recording process.
Interferometric characterization of pyroelectrically activated 
micro-arrays of liquid lenses in lithium niobate crystals (Paper Presentation)
Paper 7064-3 of Conference 7064
Authors(s): Simonetta Grilli, Lisa Miccio, Veronica Vespini, Pietro Ferraro, 
Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Applicata (Italy)
Date: Wednesday, 13 August 2008
Time: 2:10 PM – 2:30 PM
This paper reports about the possibility to achieve lensing effect by a 
technique based on an open microfluidic system consisting of a tiny amount of 
appropriate liquid manipulated by the pyroelectric effect onto periodically 
poled LiNbO3 substrates. An electrowetting process is performed to actuate the 
liquid film by using the surface charges generated pyroelectrically. The 
configuration is electrode-less, thus improving the device flexibility and 
easiness of fabrication. The curvature of the liquid lenses has been 
characterized by an interferometric technique. The results showing the evolution 
of the lens curvature with the temperature variation will be presented and 
discussed.
Single-beam phase conjugation for lasers phase locking in free 
space and image formation (Paper Presentation)
Paper 7056-89 of Conference 7056
Authors(s): Nickolai V. Kukhtarev, Tatiana V. Kukhtareva, Michael J. Curley, 
Gregory Stargell, Alabama A&M Univ. (United States)
Date: Wednesday, 13 August 2008
Time: 3:00 PM – 3:20 PM
Single-beam phase conjugation (self-phase conjugation, or SPC) was observed in 
the ferroelectric crystal LiNbO3:Fe using CW HeNe laser (wavelength 632 nm power 
10- 36 mW). Effective “out/in” reflection coefficient of phase conjugation 
(defined as the ratio the outpui phase-conjugated beam to the input laser beam 
measured before optical elements) was about 30%. Two He-Ne lasers were phase 
locked in free space using single-beam phase conjugation.
For some crystals efficient phase conjugation was followed by the simultaneous 
generation of Fabry-Perot modes. Phase locking of two HeNe lasers and imaging of 
the amplitude objects with help of self-phase conjugation was demonstrated.
Ultrahigh-sensitivity frequency-comb-referenced multiparametric 
sensors based on 1D photonic components (Paper Presentation)
Paper 7056-17 of Conference 7056
Authors(s): Paolo De Natale, Gianluca Gagliardi, Pasquale Maddaloni, Pietro 
Malara, Mario Salza, Pietro Ferraro, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Applicata 
(Italy)
Date: Wednesday, 13 August 2008
Time: 4:20 PM – 4:40 PM
A novel generation of sensors of molecular concentration as well as of strain 
and temperature is reported. Such devices, based on 1-D photonic structures, 
rely on ultrastable laser sources referenced to a fiber-based 
optical-frequency-comb synthesizer. In one system, coherent radiation around 3 
micron wavelength, produced by frequency mixing in a periodically-poled LiNbO3 
crystal, is used for high-sensitivity spectroscopic detection of trace gases. 
The other device, based on fiber Bragg grating components, provides strain and 
temperature sensing with extremely high sensitivities. These sensors can be 
inserted in a multi-parametric network for real time and continuous monitoring 
of volcanic areas.
Decoding software for computer instructions stored as Fourier 
holograms into a LiNbO3:Fe crystal (Poster Presentation)
Paper 7072-52 of Conference 7072
Authors(s): Edmundo Rodriguez-Vázquez, Eduardo Tepichin-Rodriguez, Instituto 
Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica (Mexico)
Date: Wednesday, 13 August 2008
Time: 5:30 PM
In this work, is described a special software developed for decode computer 
instructions; which are codified as information binary pages and are stored as 
Fourier holograms into a LiNbO3:Fe photorefractive crystal. A sequential program 
is conformed by these computer instructions, and it commands an electro-optical 
system; which emulates a reprogrammable digital circuit. To execute each 
computer instruction, the position of the crystal has to change; because of this 
the holograms output images are not focusing in the same output plane. This 
software solves the focusing problem with the implementation of a digital 
spatial filter and some special criteria.
Multi-beam coupling in doubly-doped photorefractive LiNbO3:Fe:Mn 
crystals (Poster Presentation)
Paper 7072-40 of Conference 7072
Authors(s): Cuixia Dai, Shanghai Univ. (China)
Date: Wednesday, 13 August 2008
Time: 5:30 PM 
 
THz setups from Del Mar Photonics
New THz band pass and long pass optical filters based on porous silicon and metal mesh technologies
Terahertz products from Del Mar Photonics
GaP crystals fro THz generation - ZnTe crystals for THz generation

Del Mar Photonics, Inc.
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San Diego, CA 92130
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fax: (858) 630-2376
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